Arab spring research guide and notes sheet targets. I can describe the causes and effects of the arab spring in my assigned country. The consequences of climate change helped ignite a volatile mix of underlying causes that erupted into the revolutions that have shaken the arab world over the past two years. A year of revolution a year ago, a tunisian fruitseller set himself on fire after being humiliated by a police officer. The role of information communication technologies in the arab spring pdf.
Pdf on jun 1, 2018, mohd irwan syazli saidin and others published rethinking the arab spring. The arab spring in egypt religious literacy project. By early 2011 they had spread into what became known as the arab spring a wave of protests, uprisings, and unrest that spread across arabicspeaking countries in. Jul 27, 2011 as economic distress is show to be one of the major causes of the arab spring, political dissatisfaction may be the biggest of them all to cause these disturbances. Politics comes first gadi wolfsfeld 1, elad segev2, and tamir sheafer3 abstract the goal of this article is to place the role that social media plays in collective action within a more general theoretical structure, using the events of the arab spring as a case study.
The causes and effects of the arab springs by matthew clarke. The economic consequences of the arab spring by mohsin khan atlantic council rafik hariri center for the middle east the popular uprisings that swept the middle east in early 2011 dramatically altered the political landscape of the region with the overthrow of autocratic regimes in egypt, libya, tunisia, and yemen. Authoritarianism and democratization in the arab w orld, rex brynen et al. The causes and the consequences of the arab srping explained in this documentary. The arab spring and climate change a climate and security correlations series edited by caitlin e. The event set off uprisings across north africa and the. Protests, riots and demonstrations erupted in algeria, bahrain, iraq, jordan, kuwait, morocco, djibouti, mauritania, oman, saudi arabia, palestine, and western sahara. The gaddafi archives libya before the arab spring view gallery an exhibition of photographs, documents and artefacts from the human rights watch archive paints a portrait of libya in the four decades prior to the arab spring.
The armed forces played a decisive role in many of the arab uprisings, particularly the early ones. After more than five decades of independence from european colonialism, autocratic rulers have failed to meet the legitimate aspirations of the arab people. Its causes and consequences 3 arab countries barany, 2011. Jul 17, 2017 the arab spring may have awakened the entire middle east with a taste of democracy in a few countries, but syria has seen the adverse effects of it. This spark threatens to set the whole of the middle. What caused citizens in the arab world to rise up against their governments. In tunisia, protests which began primary over economic frustration, injustice and. Like germany, england and france in the second world war, most of syria is destroyed. The arab spring and climate change center for american progress. The blame spiraled into riots against political leaders. Egyptian revolution, also known as arab spring or arab uprising, was a shock for international community because egypt has been seen as one of the strongest military state in north africa region. A young man sets fire to himself on the streets of tunisia. The arab spring caused the biggest transformation of the middle east since decolonization. The causes of the arab spring, or as some call it, arab awakening, were many and longgathering.
Yemen became one of the first countries to experience the protests. The arab spring and climate change a climate and security correlations series by caitlin e. The demands made by protestors were wide ranging, and also evolved as protest movements developed. This paper argues that we ought to understand the arab spring as transformative revolutionary movement, but one that will be faced with numerous bumps in the road ahead. What are the causes of the arab spring wars answers. Social media and the arab spring sage publications. Like all great social upheavals, the arab spring was long in the making, and born of many intertwined causes. These include political freedom, economic prosperity, and human dignity. When it comes to politics, clear political factors emerge as important reasons for the uprising in the muslim world.
Three major realities were political reason that motivated the population to take the streets. At the eve of the arab spring, one out of four egyptians and tunisians young was out of employment. Momani bessma arab spring a genuine revolutionary movement. But the essays collected in this slim volume make a compelling case that the consequences of climate change are stressors that can ignite a volatile mix of underlying causes. Demonstrators expressing political and economic grievances faced violent crackdowns by their countries security forces. And their night will then begin to fade, and their chains break and fall. For decades, arab populations had faced repression of free speech, human rights abuses, economic mismanagement, corruption and stifling of political dissent. Later, similar rebellions followed in libya, bahrain, syria and yemen. To politically analyze the neverending arab spring, is a difficult task today as the arab spring continues to evolve and change by daily events.
I can compare and contrast the causes and effects of the arab spring in other middle eastern nations. It is known that due of the economic distress, and lack of employment, many turned to blame the governments in their countries. Many experts compare the arab spring to the popular revolutions that shook. Experts and observers even suggested that this revolution is the biggest event since the cold war. Unlike 911, the arab spring is attributable to deep and widespread sociological causes e. The term arab spring is an allusion to the revolutions of 1848, which are sometimes referred to as the springtime of nations, and the prague spring in 1968.
The arab spring and its unintended effects in syria. Financial pressures top every list of catalysts and causes of the arab spring, espeeially when cormption at the hands of the mling and social elite is added. What was meant to be an uprising for change turned into a bloody, brutal and endless civil war. The arab spring and climate change does not argue that climate change caused the revolutions that have shaken the arab world over the past two years. Jun 15, 2016 the causes and the consequences of the arab srping explained in this documentary. Werrell, francesco femia, and annemarie slaughter posted on february 28, 20, 8. Arab spring libya 360 libya after moammar gaddafi the washington post. Ever since the 1950s the arab world has been dominated by strongmen e. Roots and causes of the arab uprisings there is a consensu s among politica l analysts regardin g the cocktai l of major factors that, when combined, created the socia l explosio n known as the 2011 arab uprisings. Analysis of the arab spring 3 blunders in state response, in particular using a heavyhanded approach and trying to crush opposition, had the reverse effect of galvanising more people to join the protests icg, 2011b and 2011d. He certainly could not have foreseen that he would motivate the peoples of the arab world1 to seek social change in the collection of demonstrations. Causes of the arab spring the wave of social protests that swept through the arab world during 2011, toppling some longstanding regimes and seriously destabilizing others, was the consequence of decades of oppressive and authoritarian political systems, failed economic policies, and socially alienated and disaffected populations, mainly youths. This research paper examines thoroughly and critically all the causes and facilitators of the arab spring from twitter and facebook to the relative deprivation of the numerous youth in the arab world.
The arab spring is the outcome of a number of repressive policies against arab citizens from their own governments. Its uprising also became one of the most consequential. Causes, consequences, and implications if, one day, a people desire to live, then fate will answer their call. Pdf arab spring as a background of civil war in syria.
Spyridon plakoudas analyst kedisa research paper no. Youth frustration and the arab spring 3 mohammed bouazizi, the young street vendor who set himself ablaze in public in late 2010, did not intend to start a revolution in tunisia. In 2011 a wave of prodemocracy protests known as the arab spring spread across the arab world. Many experts compare the arab spring to the popular revolutions that shook communist states in the late 1980s and early 1990s of the 20th century. Feb 05, 2019 tunisians overthrowing a dictator peacefully. Justice and human dignity were not priorities in most states. Nahid afrose kabir 1 he arab spring was a civil uprising mainly of arab youths in tunisia and egypt which commenced in december 2010 and january 2011 respectively.
Arab spring, wave of prodemocracy protests and uprisings that took place in the middle east and north africa beginning in 2010, challenging some of the regions entrenched authoritarian regimes. In the aftermath of the iraq war, it was used by various commentators and bloggers who anticipated a major arab movement towards democratization. This paper attempts to examine the causes of the arab uprisings in middle eastern. Werrell and francesco femia february 20 preface by annemarie slaughter. From revolution to civil war 78 zones and does not tightly define civil war versus other intrastate conflict. Libyathe death of dictator first protests in libya started on january 2011 but mass uprisings began in the city of benghazi on 15 february 2011. In this paper, we attempt to disentangle the causes and consequences of the arab uprisings. Causes of the arab spring causes of the arab spring may be described as following.
The causes and effects of the arab springs by 12ael no single cause was behind the arab spring. While the uprising in tunisia led to some improvements in the country from a humanrights perspective, not all of the nations that witnessed such social and political. Causes, consequences, and perspectives foreword this paper is an extended summary of a panel discussion with rami khouri on the topic of the arab uprisings auses, onsequences, and perspectives. The political causes of the arab spring the arab spring can be analysed in many ways.
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